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Naval Oceanography One Pager
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United States Naval Observatory
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The USNO Master Clock
Cesium Atomic Clocks
Home
Our Commands
United States Naval Observatory
Precise Time Department
The USNO Master Clock
The USNO Master Clock
Cesium Atomic Clocks
ABOUT US
Mission & Vision
History
Naval Oceanography One Pager
End of Year Graphic 2022
LEADERSHIP
Commander
Technical Director
Command Master Chief
All Leadership
OUR COMMANDS
Naval Oceanographic Office
Fleet Numerical Meteorology & Oceanography Center
United States Naval Observatory
News from the Naval Observatory
Earth Orientation Department
Precise Time Department
The USNO Master Clock
The USNO Master Clock
Time Dissemination at the USNO
USNO Alternate Master Clock (AMC)
Cesium Atomic Clocks
Hydrogen Masers at the USNO
Rubidium Fountain Clocks
USNO Time Scales
International Time Scales and the BIPM
Definitions of Systems of Time
Global Positioning System
Global Positioning System Overview
USNO GPS Data Categories Explanation
CGGTTS Data Format
USNO GPS Time Transfer
Leap Seconds
GPS Information: SA, DGPS, Leap Seconds, etc.
GPS Week Number Rollover
GPS Timing Data and Information
USNO Format Explanation
USNO Computer Display Clocks
Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer (TWSTT)
Telephone Time
Network Time Protocol (NTP)
US Eastern Time Zone NTP Servers
US Mountain Time Zone Servers
DoD Customer Servers
Astronomical Applications Department
Celestial Reference Frame Department
Senior Enlisted Advisor
Careers at the USNO
Naval Oceanography Operations Command
Fleet Weather Center - Norfolk
National Ice Center
Fleet Weather Center - San Diego
Joint Typhoon Warning Center
Naval Oceanography Anti-Submarine Warfare Center
Navy DoD Supercomputing Resource Center
PRESS ROOM
News Stories
Photo Gallery
Video Gallery
Public Use of Limitations
CONTACT US
Cesium Atomic Clocks
"...till like a clock worn out with eating time."
John Dryden (1631-1701)
The long term stability of the USNO master clock is determined by an ensemble of cesium beam clocks. The large number of these clocks that are maintained at USNO allow for the robust determination of a very stable time scale with excellent long term performance. The average of these many cesium beam clocks are used to steer the average of the maser clocks.
The cesium beam clocks used at USNO are commercial rack-mounted devices. These clocks feature high-performance cesium beam tubes, with accuracy 1 part in 10
12
, frequency stability 8 parts in 10
14
, and a time domain stability of < 2 parts in 10
14
with an averaging time of 5 days.
The picture above shows one of the clock vaults containing racks of cesium beam clocks and hydrogen masers.
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